{"id":2478,"date":"2021-05-13T17:40:07","date_gmt":"2021-05-13T17:40:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/?p=2478"},"modified":"2024-05-08T11:17:15","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T11:17:15","slug":"disturbi-dello-spettro-autistico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/2021\/05\/13\/disturbi-dello-spettro-autistico\/","title":{"rendered":"Disorders of the Autism Spectrum"},"content":{"rendered":"

DISORDERS OF THE AUTISTIC SPECTRUM<\/span><\/h2><\/div><\/header>
<\/p>\n
\n

Autism is a \"spectrum\" condition, this means that while all people with autism share certain difficulties, the manner and intensity varies enormously from person to person.
Disorders concern the development of social skills, cognitive, emotional, of communication, both gestural and verbal, of interpersonal understanding and collaborative actions.
It is a syndrome or a set of observable symptoms or signs.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

MAIN CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2022 Communication deficit (verbal and non-verbal communication)
\u2022 Social deficit (initiating an interaction and responding to an interaction)
\u2022 \"Imagination\" deficit (narrow repertoire of activities and interests and \/ or repetitive and stereotypes, rigidity and resistance to change)
\u2022 Other manifestations: anxiety, sensory anomalies, deficits in executive functions and attention anomalies<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

TYPE OF STUDENTS WITH AUTISM:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2022 People on the spectrum in need of mild support (Asperger's Syndrome)
\u2022 People on the spectrum in need of intensive or very intensive support<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

SENSORY PARTICULARITIES<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2022 Hypersensitivity to some sounds or noises
\u2022 Hypersensitivity to visual stimuli
\u2022 Reduced or excessive tactile sensitivity (discomfort to touch)
\u2022 Particular perception of pain
\u2022 Sensitivity to olfactory and gustatory stimuli<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Autistic children tend to learn more effectively in structured environments, both in terms of space and time. The structuring allows you to achieve a sense of predictability with respect to what will happen (it gives order and coherence to the experience).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

FEATURES<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2022 Children with autism generally attract attention with dysfunctional activities
\u2022 They hardly show why they need help
\u2022 Although they clearly have preferences, they show great difficulty in reporting them in an acceptable way
\u2022 Not acceptably express denial, remaining passive or reacting in problematic ways when they want to reject something
\u2022 Difficulty staying close to others
\u2022 They tend not to share something that is in their possession
\u2022 Stay involved in social games with rules with peers. \u2022 They tend not to respect the shift or show no sense of \"rhythm\" in the shift
\u2022 Poor tolerance to expectations
\u2022 Difficulty in inhibiting \"bullying\" responses
\u2022 May not know how to name the emotions they observe
\u2022 They hardly learn positive social routines spontaneously
\u2022 Mimicry and gestures are often poor, not very direct to the interlocutor
\u2022 Often they are unable to solve social problems or to respond flexibly to new situations
\u2022 Often do not react positively to unexpected events
\u2022 Short attention spans
\u2022 Difficulty shifting attention from one stimulus to another
\u2022 Preference for details
\u2022 Deficiency in the social use of attention<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

STRENGTHS IN AUTISM<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2022 Excellent skills of discrimination and visual analysis, they can do better in activities mediated by visual information or based on visual memory, compared to activities mediated by verbal information
\u2022 Ability to analyze and understand the rules that govern closed systems: mastering rules of operation of mechanical systems; understand and use classification systems; achieve higher scores in tests that measure the ability to systematize
\u2022 Possible extraordinary talents in areas such as drawing, computing and music<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

DIAGNOSIS<\/strong><\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Diagnosis is carried out at the Dr. Letizia De Mori Psychological Office through the administration of specific assessments (including the ADOS test), and rehabilitation and targeted intervention plans are also planned.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

TREATMENTS FOR THE AUTISTIC SPECTRUM<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

BEHAVIORAL TREATMENTS:<\/h4>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2022 ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis): focuses on the analysis of behaviors, in order to understand the causes (antecedents) and prevent problematic reactions, providing the child with more functional alternatives, helping to define positive reinforcements as well. Apply the principles of operant conditioning.
\u2022 DTT (Discrete Trial Training): fragmented complex skills are taught and each sub-skill is taught in repeated sessions, through a procedure divided into three components:
education or question , which constitutes the antecedent stimulus
the child's response
the consequence of the child's response (reinforcing stimulus)<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

EVOLUTIONARY TREATMENTS:<\/h4>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2022 TEACCH (Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children): aims to improve the quality of life of the child, both by actively modifying the environment according to his needs, and by developing his autonomy to the maximum. \u2022 TED (La Therapie d'Echange et Developpement): aims to develop the psychophysiological functions of the child, through the principles of tranquility, availability and reciprocity.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

PSYCHOTHERAPIES<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

SENSORY THERAPIES<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u2022 AIT (Auditory Integration Therapy): helps children with problems in the processing of auditory stimuli, gradually accustoming them to the frequencies of sounds that cause them hypersensitivity. .<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPIES<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

PET THERAPY<\/strong><\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n

\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3697,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2478","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psicologia","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.letiziademori.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/AdobeStock_495876768_F-scaled.jpg?fit=2560%2C1708&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2478","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2478"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2478\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3663,"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2478\/revisions\/3663"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3697"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2478"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2478"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.letiziademori.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}